Recent research has highlighted the interconnection between the heart and the teeth. Some oral bacteria actually become formidable pathogens when they enter the bloodstream, and can lead to atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries), myocardial infarction (heart attack) or stroke. Hence the importance of dental care for overall well-being.
Our Montreal dentists explain everything!
Link between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease
Studies conducted by the European Federation of Periodontology indicate a significant relationship between periodontitis (gum disease) and stroke. The prevalence of CVDs (cardiovascular diseases) is high in individuals who suffer chronic inflammation of the supporting tissues of the teeth. The same correlation is found in those with elevated levels of C-reactive protein, which measures inflammation in the body.
Periodontitis facilitates the passage of bacteria into the circulatory system, which in turn activates the body’s immune response to infection and the development of atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries). Chronic inflammation leads to the formation of plaque or cholesterol deposits that obstruct blood vessels.
It is therefore crucial to diagnose periodontal problems early and ensure proper dental care through regular visits to the dentist.
Common risk factors
Several factors increase the risk of both dental and cardiovascular disease, including:
- Poor lifestyle habits
Diet plays a crucial role in maintaining oral health, since teeth are responsible for chewing. Carbohydrate-rich foods, such as soft drinks and refined grains, support the growth of pathogenic bacteria.
Smoking also has the power to aggravate dental disease. The basic ingredients in cigarettes narrow arteries and promote the formation of blood clots, in addition to contributing to poor oral hygiene.
- Diabetes and high blood pressure
Serious conditions such as high blood pressure (hypertension) or diabetes, if not treated correctly, will cause damage to artery walls. They also exert additional pressure on the heart.
- Microbial imbalances (Dysbiosis)
An imbalance in the composition of plaque stimulates the growth of microbes associated with periodontitis. As they colonize the subgingival cavities, cytokines are formed.
- Genetics
Individual susceptibility to periodontitis may be influenced by genetics. Some individuals may be genetically predisposed to developing gum disease.
Preventive dental care to protect your heart
The best way to protect your heart and teeth is by adjusting your lifestyle. Here are 5 things you can do on a daily basis to combat cardiovascular disease and gum disease:
- Brush your teeth at least twice a day, morning and night. Proper brushing (at a 45-degree angle, using circular movements, etc.) helps get rid of plaque.
- Gently clean the tongue to remove the bacteria responsible for bad breath.
- Choose a toothpaste that contains fluoride, which strengthens tooth enamel and prevents cavities. Products that promise unrealistic results should be avoided.
- Floss to remove food residues. This is an excellent way to prevent infections in people who are sensitive to inflammation.
- Limit sugar intake and eat a balanced diet. Dentists recommend chewing sugar-free gum after every meal to activate saliva production and neutralize tooth-damaging acids.
To avoid complications, it’s essential to consult an orthodontist at a dental clinic at least once a year. Regular check-ups detect periodontal disease at an early stage. By intervening early, problems can be treated less invasively.
At the same time, a doctor provides personalized advice on hygiene, diet and lifestyle. However, an appointment every six months is recommended for patients with a medical history.
Treating dental conditions to reduce their impact on heart health
There is a growing body of evidence suggesting that heart health and dental health are linked. Keeping your teeth healthy could reduce your risk of suffering a heart attack or stroke. In addition to maintaining a healthy lifestyle, there are a few other things you can do:
- Consult a cardiologist if you feel unusually tired or feel strained during simple physical activities.
- Engage in regular physical exercise at healthy intervals, to avoid straining your heart.
- Quit smoking and drinking to reduce your risk of heart disease.
Taking care of your oral health helps reduce the risk of heart disease by preventing the spread of infections via the mouth. Nothing could be simpler than adjusting your lifestyle and calling on the expertise of a specialist.
Contact us today for a full diagnosis of your dental health!